Publisher's Synopsis
Excerpt from Structure of the Berea Oil Sand in the Flushing Quadrangle: Harrison, Belmont, and Guernsey Counties, Ohio
The United States Geological Survey has undertaken detailed mapping of the geologic structure of the oil sands in certain parts of the Appalachian oil field in eastern Ohio and western Pennsylvania. The first report describing work of this kind is contained in Bulletin No. 198, which deals with the Cadiz quadrangle in Harrison County, Ohio. The second bulletin is N o. 318, which describes the conditions existing in the Steubenville quadrangle in Ohio and West Virginia and in the Burgettstown and Claysville quadrangles in Pennsylvania. The present report, which is the third of the series, treats of the Flushing quadrangle in Harrison, Belmont, and Guernsey counties, Ohio.
The object of this work is to determine accurately the geologic structure of the surface rocks and of the Berea sand (which is the principal oil-bearing stratum of this part of the field), and from this structure to determine, if possible, where the conditions are favorable for the accumulation of oil and gas. The first step in the work is to ascertain the structure or lay of the surface rocks. Then it is neces sary to determine what degree of parallelism exists between the rocks that outcrop at the surface and those that lie from to feet below the surface, and by means of this parallelism to construct a map of the oil sand as if all the geologic formations above it had been removed and the upper surface of the sandstone were open to View.
Previous work of this kind has been carried on in areas in which a considerable amount of oil and gas territory had been developed prior to the survey. In such regions it was possible by means of wells already drilled to check the degree of exactness to which the oil sands could be plotted, and by a study of the conditions under which the oil and gas had accumulated to formulate general laws governing such accumulations.
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