Publisher's Synopsis
The philosophies of Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. DuBois regarding the future of the newly emancipated slaves differed greatly. Washington believed economic independence, foundation of real freedom was the ability to earn a living. This ability dictated an education and work ethic. He struggled to provide skills through his workshop for boys - girls were still denied the right to an education. W.E.B. DuBois, on the other hand had a greater interest in social acceptance - expressed today as social justice. Social justice for DuBois had more to do with acceptance by whites than independence. DuBois could be described as a snob. Washington was much less concerned about social acceptance. Analogy most often used was separation of fingers on a hand - individual, but sharing integral function. Miscegenation (black mother, white father) led to di erence in appearance (more in keeping with accepted European model of beauty), treatment and opportunities - education and self-esteem. These debates raged from emancipation to today, though indifferent, muted form. Those Americans of African ancestry who followed the DuBois philosophy became the spokespersons for other less fortunate black Americans. Some, S&S refers to as Urban Plantation Gatekeepers, Race Hustlers and Poverty Pimps. Those black Americans who adopted Booker T. Washington's philosophy fought and died to be free and prepare a better life for their children. They struggled to become educated and economically independent. They started schools in their homes - Bethune Cookman College - University, Daytona Beach, Florida began in the home of founder, Mary McCloud Bethune. For those wanting the lighter skin and straighter hair - European Beauty model - Madame C.J. Walker experimented in the kitchen of her Jacksonville, Florida home to found the first beauty products for women of African ancestry. The stories go on..."
