Publisher's Synopsis
The oral cavity carriage and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of Staphylococcus aureus in Dental hospital staff and healthy general population were determined. Oral cavity swabs were taken from 113 healthy general population and 90 health care workers. Antibiotic disc susceptibility testing was conducted following the CLSI method. Staphylococcus aureus carriage was noted in 28.3% of healthy general population and 38.9% of health care workers. Resistance to commonly used oral antibiotics of healthy general population & health care workers, ampicillin 93.8% & 97.2%, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid 84.4% & 77.2%, amoxicillin 43.8% & 57.2%, ciprofloxacin 53.2% & 57.2% and ofloxacin 37.5% & 42.9%, respectively. 5.7% methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus was detected among the hospital personnel from isolated strain. The MRSA isolates showed multiple drug resistance (MDR), except imipenem. Hospitals should assess the advantages and disadvantages of routinely culturing personnel, however, in outbreak situation hospital personnel especially young persons may be sources of nosocomial infection. Staphylococcus aureus is a well-recognized pathogen associated with a variety of clinical syndrome. The role of Staph. aureus in some types of oral disease may be more important than previously recognized. The present study was designed to investigate the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA and their rate of resistance to different anti staphylococcal antibiotics. For this study, Gurunanak Institute of Dental Science & Research (Kolkata), selected patients who were suffering from Staphylococcus aureus oral infection. Isolated Staphylococcus aureus was tested for Oxacillin (1 mcg) sensitivity and their antibiotic susceptibility was investigated by using eighteen antibiotics followed by Disk diffusion technique following CLSI method. Out of the 223 specimens collected, 109 (48.8%) were isolated. All the 109 (48.8%) specimens were studied in detail. 5.5% of the isolates were shown to be methicillin resistant Staph. aureus (MRSA). Percentage (%) of resistance in commonly used oral antibiotics are ampicillin98.1%, amoxycillin/clavulanic acid 73.3%, amoxycillin 44.9%, ofloxacin 48.6% and ciprofloxacin 41.2%. The MRSA isolates showed multiple drug resistance (MDR), except linezolid and imipenem. In line with more recent surveys, this retrospective study suggests that Staph. aureus may be more frequent isolate from the oral cavity than hitherto suspected. The role of Staph. aureus in several diseases of the oral mucosa merits further investigation. The problem of infection has been persistent in the surgical world even after the introduction of antibiotics. Pathogens that infect surgical site can be acquired from the hospital environment or other infected patients. A total of 66 pus samples from post-operative oral & maxillofacial surgical infections were received in the Department of Microbiology, Gurunanak Institute of Dental Science & Research, Panihati, Kolkata, over a period of one year. The isolates were identified using standard laboratory procedures. All the isolates were tested for susceptibility to various commonly used antibiotics and screened for oxacillin susceptibility according to CLSI guidelines. Out of 66 pus samples received, 34(51.5%) were culture positive for Staph. aureus. Methicillin resistance was documented in 14 (41.2%) of the Staph. aureus isolates. Highest efficacy was observed with linezolid (97.0%). All MRSA isolates were 100% sensitive to linezolid. The hospital acquired surgical site infection is alarming. Hospital disinfection and treatment protocols should be practiced.
