Publisher's Synopsis
This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1896 edition. Excerpt: ... canal as in a large reservoir. With a new canal this has no great disadvantage, as such construction saves considerable expense in the beginning, while in the course of a few years, and by the time the canal water becomes valuable, this reservoir will have silted up and the canal can then be confined between proper limits. These earthen drainage dams are of considerable FLUMES AND AQUEDUCTS. 255 height, one 23 feet and the other 40 feet high, and in them are constructed escapes, or wasteways for the discharge of surplus waters. The most interesting level crossing built is that of the Rutmoo torrent on the Ganges canal in India. This consists of a simple inlet at the torrent entrance; of a masonry outlet dam; of an escape regulator in the opposite canal bank; and of a regulating bridge across the canal channel just below the inlet (Fig. 62). The escape dam consists of 47 sluiceways, each 10 feet wide, with their sills flush with the canal bed and flanked on either side with overfalls of the same width with their sills 6 feet higher, while on the extreme flanks are platforms 10 feet above the canal-bed. The closing and opening of these sluiceways is accomplished by means of small flashboards fitting into grooves. 223. Flumes and Aqueducts.--These structures are practically the same, the term flume being more commonly employed in this country to mean a wooden structure for carrying the waters of a canal either around steep rocky hillsides or across drainage lines. The word aqueduct may be more properly applied to those flumes which are of some magnitude and are built of permanent material, as iron or masonry. Where the drainage encountered is at a lower level than the bed of the canal, it may most conveniently be passed under the latter, ..
