Publisher's Synopsis
Laser holographic techniques can be used to detect small deformations of three-dimensional objects, of the order of the wavelength of the laser light. This is an important and unique new investigation of the geophysical uses of laser holography in rock deformations, in the laboratory, and in the field. It shows the potential of a relatively new technique which has been covered sparsely in the literature until now.;"Laser Holography in Geophysics" is intended for professional geological scientists and MSc and PhD students who require reading material for their courses. It is divided into six main sections, the first of which introduces the nature of light in terms of electromagnetic waves and plane waves, and conventional and laser light sources. The second section discusses optical holographic interferometry (OHI) as a quantitative tool, and its use in the design of equipment under severely hostile environments. Section three reviews conventional techniques of holographic interferometry, and describes a holographic stressmeter developed by the Caltech Group and a measurement system designed by the Najoya Group.;The fourth section explains conventional methods and holographic methods for measurement of crustal deformation, and shows how they can be improved for measurement of long-term strain accumulation and applied to earthquake prediction. The fifth chapter introduces the Electronic Speckle Pattern Interferometry (ESPI) principle, a practical construction of an ESPI system and its modes of operation. Section six introduces an optical technique for flow visualization and shows the use of holographic interferometry in the fluid media, as well as holographic measurement of water flow velocity. It also discusses laser speckle interferometry in a fluid medium.
