Publisher's Synopsis
Crystallization is the (natural or artificial) process where a solid forms where the atoms or molecules are highly organized in a structure known as a crystal. Some of the ways which crystals form are through precipitating from a solution, melting or more rarely deposition directly from a gas. Crystallization is also a chemical solid-liquid separation technique, in which mass transfer of a solute from the liquid solution to a pure solid crystalline phase occurs. In various modern industries, crystalline forms with a certain habit, size and structure, constitute the basic materials for the production of highly sophisticated materials. Integrated circuits as well as piezoelectric and optical materials are just a few examples of devices whose properties are dependent on the crystal structure. Also, in organic chemistry, molecular crystals with determined characteristics are now-a-days of utmost importance for the production of pharmaceuticals, dyestuffs, pigments, foodstuffs, chemicals, cosmetics, etc. For all these reasons, crystal growth has become an important and attractive research field. The principle of crystallization is based on the limited solubility of a compound in a solvent at a certain temperature, pressure, etc. A change of these conditions to a state where the solubility is lower will lead to the formation of a crystalline solid. Although crystallization has been applied for thousands of years in the production of salt and sugar, many phenomena occuring during crystallization are still poorly understood. Especially the mechanisms of nucleation and crystal growth and the complex behavior of industrial crystallizers remain elusive. One of the reasons for this is the lack of appropriate tools to measure and monitor crystallization processes. On the other hand, demands for consistent product quality (purity, crystal size, etc.) are ever increasing, thus creating a large interest in crystallization research. The aim of this book is to refresh your theoretical and practical knowledge on crystallization and to demonstrate the problems and challenges commonly occuring in crystallization. All crystallization processes are aimed at creating a supersaturated solution or melt. The supersaturation is the driving force under whose influence new crystals are formed and present crystals grow. Crystallization Process and Technology is intended to provide the crystallization process, studies and properties of the crystalline materials. It covers the basic sciences, engineering aspects and applied technology of crystals and crystallization processes, both the experimental and theoretical aspects including physical, chemical, and biological phenomena and processes related to the design, growth, and application of crystalline materials. Crystallization is the (natural or artificial) process where a solid forms where the atoms or molecules are highly organized in a structure known as a crystal. Some of the ways which crystals form are through precipitating from a solution, melting or more rarely deposition directly from a gas. Crystallization is also a chemical solid-liquid separation technique, in which mass transfer of a solute from the liquid solution to a pure solid crystalline phase occurs. In various modern industries, crystalline forms with a certain habit, size and structure, constitute the basic materials for the production of highly sophisticated materials. Integrated circuits as well as piezoelectric and optical materials are just a few examples of devices whose properties are dependent on the crystal structure. Also, in organic chemistry, molecular crystals with determined characteristics are now-a-days of utmost importance for the production of pharmaceuticals, dyestuffs, pigments, foodstuffs, chemicals, cosmetics, etc. For all these reasons, crystal growth has become an important and attractive research field. The principle of crystallization is based on the limited solubility of a compound in a solvent at a certain temperature, pressure, etc. A change of these conditions to a state where the solubility is lower will lead to the formation of a crystalline solid. Although crystallization has been applied for thousands of years in the production of salt and sugar, many phenomena occuring during crystallization are still poorly understood. Especially the mechanisms of nucleation and crystal growth and the complex behavior of industrial crystallizers remain elusive. One of the reasons for this is the lack of appropriate tools to measure and monitor crystallization processes. On the other hand, demands for consistent product quality (purity, crystal size, etc.) are ever increasing, thus creating a large interest in crystallization research. The aim of this book is to refresh your theoretical and practical knowledge on crystallization and to demonstrate the problems and challenges commonly occuring in crystallization. All crystallization processes are aimed at creating a supersaturated solution or melt. The supersaturation is the driving force under whose influence new crystals are formed and present crystals grow. Crystallization Process and Technology is intended to provide the crystallization process, studies and properties of the crystalline materials. It covers the basic sciences, engineering aspects and applied technology of crystals and crystallization processes, both the experimental and theoretical aspects including physical, chemical, and biological phenomena and processes related to the design, growth, and application of crystalline materials. Crystallization is the (natural or artificial) process where a solid forms where the atoms or molecules are highly organized in a structure known as a crystal. Some of the ways which crystals form are through precipitating from a solution, melting or more rarely deposition directly from a gas. Crystallization is also a chemical solid-liquid separation technique, in which mass transfer of a solute from the liquid solution to a pure solid crystalline phase occurs. In various modern industries, crystalline forms with a certain habit, size and structure, constitute the basic materials for the production of highly sophisticated materials. Integrated circuits as well as piezoelectric and optical materials are just a few examples of devices whose properties are dependent on the crystal structure. Also, in organic chemistry, molecular crystals with determined characteristics are now-a-days of utmost importance for the production of pharmaceuticals, dyestuffs, pigments, foodstuffs, chemicals, cosmetics, etc. For all these reasons, crystal growth has become an important and attractive research field. The principle of crystallization is based on the limited solubility of a compound in a solvent at a certain temperature, pressure, etc. A change of these conditions to a state where the solubility is lower will lead to the formation of a crystalline solid. Although crystallization has been applied for thousands of years in the production of salt and sugar, many phenomena occuring during crystallization are still poorly understood. Especially the mechanisms of nucleation and crystal growth and the complex behavior of industrial crystallizers remain elusive. One of the reasons for this is the lack of appropriate tools to measure and monitor crystallization processes. On the other hand, demands for consistent product quality (purity, crystal size, etc.) are ever increasing, thus creating a large interest in crystallization research. The aim of this book is to refresh your theoretical and practical knowledge on crystallization and to demonstrate the problems and challenges commonly occuring in crystallization. All crystallization processes are aimed at creating a supersaturated solution or melt. The supersaturation is the driving force under whose influence new crystals are formed and present crystals grow. Crystallization Process and Technology is intended to provide the crystallization process, studies and properties of the crystalline materials. It covers the basic sciences, engineering aspects and applied technology of crystals and crystallization processes, both the experimental and theoretical aspects including physical, chemical, and biological phenomena and processes related to the design, growth, and application of crystalline materials.
