Publisher's Synopsis
This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1920 edition. Excerpt: ... CHAPTER VI. Hydrogenation. I. The reduction of organic compounds by the old stock methods was always a tedious process. It is possible, however, to effect reduction in a simple straightforward manner by a method known as hydrogenation, i.e., by direct treatment with hydrogen of the substance to be reduced. The inception of this method is to be attributed to the researches of Sabatier and his collaborators, beginning in 1897, upon the capacity of certain metals when in the finely-divided state for inducing a remarkable "activation" of hydrogen. By the aid of a metallic catalyst of this sort, they found that the union of unsaturated compounds with gaseous hydrogen or the direct replacement of an element in a saturated compound with hydrogen could readily be effected in a manner which permits of great regulation and adaptation. The method has been employed by Sabatier and his co-workers, Senderens, Mailhe, and others, for the preparation of a whole host of substances hitherto either unknown or else very difficult to obtain by other means; and in several instances the laboratory process has been promoted to the industrial stage with conspicuous success. In Sabatier's method the substance to be hydrogenated is invariably treated when in the vaporous state; but other methods--associated with the names of Paal, Skita, Willstatter, and Ipatiew--have since been introduced in which the same principle is applied to the treatment of liquid material. In the following pages, each of these methods will be considered. (i) Catalytic Hydrogenation In Hie Vapour State. 2. The principle of Sabatier's method1 is a simple one. The vapour of the substance to be reduced is mixed with hydrogen and passed over specific metallic catalysts maintained at...
