Publisher's Synopsis
In the rapidly changing scientific world, contributions of scientists and engineers are leading to major new solutions of significant medical problems. No longer is the treatment of diabetes, osteoporosis, asthma, cardiac problems, cancer, and other diseases based only on conventional pharmaceutical formulations. Biology and medicine are beginning to reduce the problems of disease to problems of molecular science, and are creating new opportunities for treating and curing disease. Such advances are coupled closely with advances in biomaterials and are leading to a variety of approaches for relieving suffering and prolonging life. Biomaterials for medical use have been developed in accordance with progress of the fields of medicine, biochemistry, material science, and pharmaceutics. Advances in the medicine have changed the concept of surgery from the deletion of damage tissue for the preservation of the remaining healthy tissue to the reconstruction or replacement of damaged tissue by promoting regeneration of the natural tissue. All the materials used in medicine should be biocompatible. Conventional materials such as metals, ceramics, and synthetic polymers are usually bioinert and support the structural defects. But recently introduced biomaterials are designed to provide biological functions as much a possible by mimicking natural tissue structures. This book named with Advances in Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology is a compendium of original contributions concerning studies of the preparation, performance, and evaluation of biomaterials; the chemical, physical, toxicological, mechanical, electrochemical and optical behavior of nanostructured materials for biotechnology applications (pharmaceutical, drug delivery systems, cosmetics, food technology, bioconversion, renewable energy and energy storage, biosensing, nanomedicine, tissue engineering, implantable medical devices, biophotonics, nanomedicine including photodynamic therapy, oncology). Nature produces soft and hard materials exhibiting remarkable functional properties by controlling the hierarchical assembly of simple molecular building blocks from the nano- to the macro-scale. Biogenic materials are nucleated in defined nano-micro dimensioned sites inside the biological environments, in which chemistry can be spatially controlled. The spatial delimitation is essential to biological mechanisms for controlling the size, shape and structural organization of biomaterials. Recently, with the development of nanotechnology, this strategy employing natural material genesis has attracted a lot of attention in designing bioinspired materials such as polymeric micelles, nanoparticles, dendrimers and nanocrystals synthesised in nanoscale dimensions. One of the most exciting and economical rewarding research areas of materials science involves the applications of materials to health care, especially to reconstructive surgery. In the past, many implantations failed due to infections or a lack of knowledge about toxicity of the selected materials. In this case, the use of calcium phosphates, since they are the most important inorganic constituents of hard tissues in vertebrates, is valid due to their chemical similarity to the mineral component of mammalian bones and teeth. Thus, calcium phosphate based biomaterials are now used in many different applications throughout the body, covering all areas of the skeleton. These applications include dental implants, percutaneous devices and use in periodontal treatment, treatment of bone defects, fracture treatment, total joint replacement, orthopaedics, cranio-maxillofacial reconstruction, otolaryngology and spinal surgery. In the rapidly changing scientific world, contributions of scientists and engineers are leading to major new solutions of significant medical problems. No longer is the treatment of diabetes, osteoporosis, asthma, cardiac problems, cancer, and other diseases based only on conventional pharmaceutical formulations. Biology and medicine are beginning to reduce the problems of disease to problems of molecular science, and are creating new opportunities for treating and curing disease. Such advances are coupled closely with advances in biomaterials and are leading to a variety of approaches for relieving suffering and prolonging life. Biomaterials for medical use have been developed in accordance with progress of the fields of medicine, biochemistry, material science, and pharmaceutics. Advances in the medicine have changed the concept of surgery from the deletion of damage tissue for the preservation of the remaining healthy tissue to the reconstruction or replacement of damaged tissue by promoting regeneration of the natural tissue. All the materials used in medicine should be biocompatible. Conventional materials such as metals, ceramics, and synthetic polymers are usually bioinert and support the structural defects. But recently introduced biomaterials are designed to provide biological functions as much a possible by mimicking natural tissue structures. This book named with Advances in Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology is a compendium of original contributions concerning studies of the preparation, performance, and evaluation of biomaterials; the chemical, physical, toxicological, mechanical, electrochemical and optical behavior of nanostructured materials for biotechnology applications (pharmaceutical, drug delivery systems, cosmetics, food technology, bioconversion, renewable energy and energy storage, biosensing, nanomedicine, tissue engineering, implantable medical devices, biophotonics, nanomedicine including photodynamic therapy, oncology). Nature produces soft and hard materials exhibiting remarkable functional properties by controlling the hierarchical assembly of simple molecular building blocks from the nano- to the macro-scale. Biogenic materials are nucleated in defined nano-micro dimensioned sites inside the biological environments, in which chemistry can be spatially controlled. The spatial delimitation is essential to biological mechanisms for controlling the size, shape and structural organization of biomaterials. Recently, with the development of nanotechnology, this strategy employing natural material genesis has attracted a lot of attention in designing bioinspired materials such as polymeric micelles, nanoparticles, dendrimers and nanocrystals synthesised in nanoscale dimensions. One of the most exciting and economical rewarding research areas of materials science involves the applications of materials to health care, especially to reconstructive surgery. In the past, many implantations failed due to infections or a lack of knowledge about toxicity of the selected materials. In this case, the use of calcium phosphates, since they are the most important inorganic constituents of hard tissues in vertebrates, is valid due to their chemical similarity to the mineral component of mammalian bones and teeth. Thus, calcium phosphate based biomaterials are now used in many different applications throughout the body, covering all areas of the skeleton. These applications include dental implants, percutaneous devices and use in periodontal treatment, treatment of bone defects, fracture treatment, total joint replacement, orthopaedics, cranio-maxillofacial reconstruction, otolaryngology and spinal surgery. In the rapidly changing scientific world, contributions of scientists and engineers are leading to major new solutions of significant medical problems. No longer is the treatment of diabetes, osteoporosis, asthma, cardiac problems, cancer, and other diseases based only on conventional pharmaceutical formulations. Biology and medicine are beginning to reduce the problems of disease to problems of molecular science, and are creating new opportunities for treating and curing disease. Such advances are coupled closely with advances in biomaterials and are leading to a variety of approaches for relieving suffering and prolonging life. Biomaterials for medical use have been developed in accordance with progress of the fields of medicine, biochemistry, material science, and pharmaceutics. Advances in the medicine have changed the concept of surgery from the deletion of damage tissue for the preservation of the remaining healthy tissue to the reconstruction or replacement of damaged tissue by promoting regeneration of the natural tissue. All the materials used in medicine should be biocompatible. Conventional materials such as metals, ceramics, and synthetic polymers are usually bioinert and support the structural defects. But recently introduced biomaterials are designed to provide biological functions as much a possible by mimicking natural tissue structures. This book named with Advances in Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology is a compendium of original contributions concerning studies of the preparation, performance, and evaluation of biomaterials; the chemical, physical, toxicological, mechanical, electrochemical and optical behavior of nanostructured materials for biotechnology applications (pharmaceutical, drug delivery systems, cosmetics, food technology, bioconversion, renewable energy and energy storage, biosensing, nanomedicine, tissue engineering, implantable medical devices, biophotonics, nanomedicine including photodynamic therapy, oncology). Nature produces soft and hard materials exhibiting remarkable functional properties by controlling the hierarchical assembly of simple molecular building blocks from the nano- to the macro-scale. Biogenic materials are nucleated in defined nano-micro dimensioned sites inside the biological environments, in which chemistry can be spatially controlled. The spatial delimitation is essential to biological mechanisms for controlling the size, shape and structural organization of biomaterials. Recently, with the development of nanotechnology, this strategy employing natural material genesis has attracted a lot of attention in designing bioinsp
